Creatine Monohydrate
A widely-studied supplement known for enhancing athletic performance and muscle strength.
Creatine monohydrate is a popular supplement recognized for its ability to enhance muscular performance, especially in high-intensity exercises. Research demonstrates that it significantly improves power output, exercise endurance, and reduces fatigue. Creatine works by increasing phosphocreatine levels in the muscles, boosting energy reserves. Various studies have shown diverse benefits: some report substantial improvements in muscle performance metrics such as strength and endurance (references 5, 8, 20), while others note physiological enhancements without direct athletic performance gains (reference 10). A comprehensive review reveals consistent improvements in strength, power, and recovery metrics (references 16, 21, 22, 25). Estimated enhancements include a 5-15% increase in strength and power, along with muscle mass gains of around 1-3 kg, as reviewed extensively in literature (references 21, 25).
Potential benefits
Figures are the highest improvement reported in an individual cited study — best-case, not typical, results.
Maximal Strength and Power Output
Intramuscular Creatine Stores
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Sources
25 peer-reviewed references.
- [1]doi.org/10.1093/ndtplus/sfq177
- [2]doi.org/10.1590/s1516-35982011000900013
- [3]doi.org/10.1080/17461391.2022.2159539
- [4]doi.org/10.1111/anu.13000
- [5]doi.org/10.1113/ep088910
- [6]doi.org/10.14198/jhse.2020.15.proc2.20
- [7]doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0076301
- [8]doi.org/10.3390/nu15163567
- [9]doi.org/10.1136/jramc-2014-000400
- [10]doi.org/10.1186/s12970-015-0107-6
- [11]doi.org/10.7759/cureus.24395
- [12]doi.org/10.1016/j.nut.2010.04.001
- [13]doi.org/10.3390/nu15020429
- [14]doi.org/10.1186/1550-2783-7-26
- [15]doi.org/10.3390/nu14030701
- [16]doi.org/10.1186/s12970-021-00412-w
- [17]doi.org/10.36675/ijaam.v3i2.46
- [18]doi.org/10.1186/1475-2891-13-115
- [19]doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0226806
- [20]doi.org/10.3390/nu16060896
- [21]doi.org/10.3390/nu13061915
- [22]doi.org/10.3390/nu13020664
- [23]doi.org/10.1016/j.scispo.2018.11.003
- [24]doi.org/10.1177/1559827611406071
- [25]doi.org/10.1186/1550-2783-9-33